САЙН БАЙНА УУ? (Sain baina uu?) - Hello, How are you?

1. Сайн байна уу? (Sain baina uu?)

2. Сайн, Та сайн байна уу? (Sain, Ta sain baina uu?)
3. Сайн, Миний нэр Том. Таны нер хэн бэ? (Sain, Minii ner Tom. Tanii ner khen be?)
4. Миний нер Жон. Та юу хиидэг вэ? (Minii ner Jon. Ta yuu khiideg ve?)
5. Би Бичээч. (Bi bicheech.)

1. Hello, how are you?

2. Good, how are you?

3. Good, My name is Tom. What is your name?

4. My name is Jon. What do you do?

5. I am a writer.

Уу, YY, Юу, ЮY are only used with questions that have no question word (i.e. no who, what, when, where, or why). It's important to remember that Юу - the question particle - and Юу the question word (Энэ юу вэ?) are different.

уу: Follows words that end with back vowels a, o, and y.

YY: Follows words with front vowels э, Y.

Юу: Follows words that have two back vowels aa, oo, yy.

ЮY: Follows words that have two front vowels ээ, YY.

Загвар / Model

Questions with short answers:

Сайн байна уу? (Sain baina uu?)

Сайн. (Sain.)

Та нар ойлгож байна уу? (Ta nap oilgoj baina uu?)

Ойлгохгуй байна. (Oilgokhgui baina.)

Or-Questions

Тер таны найз уу, эхнэр YY? (Ter tanii naidz uu, ekhner uu?)

Энэ бал уу, харандаа юу? (Ene bal uu, kharandaa uu?)

Yes/No Questions

Энэ монгол ном уу? (Ene mongol nom uu?)

Тийм. (Tiim.)

Тэр Yнэтэй юY? (Ter unetei yuu?)

YгYй. (Ugui.)

yy and YY - Whats the difference?

Review: Question Particles yy, YY

yy has the sound of the "u" in bull
YY has the sound of "ew" in new

As stated in the previous lesson, the question particle yy follows words that end with back vowels a, o, y.
Example: Байна уу?

The question particle YY follows words that have the front vowels Y and э.
Example: Энэ таны Yзэг YY?

Шинэ Yг (Shine Ug) / Vocabulary

Байшин (baishin) - building
Хэл (khel) - language
Юу (yuu) - what
Хичээл (khicheel) - lesson
Хэн (khen) - who
Анги (angi) - class

Ene yuu ve? - What is this? (Interrogative Particles 1/2)

Asuukh Nokhtsol / Interrogative Particles

Mongol khelnii asuukh ug "ve" -g "n, m, v" giiguulegchees busad giiguulegch, egshgeer togsson ugend daguulna. Gekhdee asuukh ug (khen, yuu, yamar...rekh met) -tei oguulbert bichne. (The question marker "ve" follows words which end with vowels or with consonants besides "N, M, V". However, it is written at the end of all sentences that contain the question words "who," "what," "which," etc...)

For example:

• Ene yuu ve? What is this?
• Ene yamar zurag ve? What kind of picture is this?
• Ter khenii tsaas ve? Whose paper is this?
• Ter yunii devter ve? What kind of notebook is that?
• Ene yamar kharandaa ve? What kind of pencil is this?
• Ene khenii khoni ve? Exception: Whose sheep is this?

Zagvar / Model

1. Ene yuu ve? Ene nom.

• What is this? This is a book.

2. Ter yuu ve? Ter or.

• What is that? That is a bed.

3. Ene yuu ve? Ene shiree.

• What is this? This is a table.

4. Ter yuu ve? Ter devter.

• What is that? That is a notebook.

5. Ene yuu ve? Ene sandal.

• What is this? This is a chair.

6. Ene yuu ve? Ene nar.

• What is this? This is the sun.

7. Ter yuu ve? Ter zurag.

• What is that? That is a picture.

8. Ene yuu ve? Ene tsag.

• What is this? This is a clock.

9. Ter yuu be? Ter ger.

• What is that? That is a round felted house.

10. Ene yuu ve? Ene nokhoi.

• What is this? This is a dog.

11. Ene yuu ve? Ene muur.

• What is this? This is a cat.

Shine Ug (New Word) / Vocabulary

• nom - book
• op - bed
  
• shiree - table
  
• devter - notebook
• sandal - chair
  
• nar - sun
  
• zurag - picture
  
• tsag - clock (time)
• ger - round felted house, yurt
  
• nokhoi - dog
  
• muur - cat

Ene khen be? - Who is this? (Interrogative Particles 2/2)

Shine Ug (New Word) / Vocabulary

aav - father
eej - mother
emee - grandmother
ovoo - grandfather
egch - older sister
akh - older brother
duu - younger sibling

Asuukh Nokhtsol / Interrogative Particles (cont...)

Mongol Khelnii asuukh ug "be" -g "N, M, B" giigullegcheer togsson ugend daguulna. Jisheelbel: Ene khen be? Ter yamar nom be? gekh met. (The question word "be" follows words which end with the consonant "N,M,B". For example: Ene khen be? Ter yamar nom be?)

Zagvar / Model

1. Ene khen be? Ene aav.
Who is this? This is a father.
2. Ter khen be? Ter eej.
Who is that? That is a mother.
3. Ene khen be? Ene emee.
Who is this? This is a grandmother.
4. Ter khen be? Ter ovoo.
Who is that? That is a grandfather.
5. Ene khen be? Ene egch.
Who is this? This is an older sister.
6. Ter khen be? Ter akh.
Who is that? That is an older brother.
7. Ene khen be? Ene duu.
Who is this? This is a younger sibling.
8. Ter khen be? Ter bi.
Who is that? That is I.

Toloonii ug / Pronouns

• I - Bi
• You - Chi
• You (Polite) - Ta
• He/She/It - Ene, Ter

Mongol khelnii ner ugiig "bi, chi, ta, ter, ene" ugs-ny I, II, III bieiig toloolj kheldeg. The pronouns "bi, chi, ta, ter, ene" are said to represent the ist, 2nd, and 3rd person for nouns. Bi (I) - 1st person. Chi / Ta (you) - 2nd person. Ter / Ene (he/she/it - 3rd person).

Jisheelbel / Example

• Bi surguulid surdag. - I study at school.
• Chi (Ta) ajil khiideg uu? - Do you work?
• Ter (Ene) khen be? - Who is she/he?

Овлийн Тухай Яриа - Talking About Winter

Эмээ: Сайн байна уу? Сайхан оволжиж байна уу?

Лим: Сайхан. Та сайхан оволжиж байна уу?

Эмээ: Сайхан. Монголын овол хуйтэн байна уу?

Лим: Монголын овол Солонгосын оволоос хуйтэн юм аа.

Эмээ: Танд зузаан хувцас хэрэгтэй. Овлийн маш дулаан гутал хэрэгтэй.

Лим: Харин тийм.

Лим: Монголийн хамгийн хуйтэн сар хэддугээр сар вэ?

Эмээ: 1-р сар.

Grandmother: Hello, how are you? Are you having a good winter?

Lim: Good. Are you having a good winter?

Grandmother: Good. Is Mongolia cold in the winter?

Lim: Mongolia's winter is colder than in Korea.

Grandmother: You need thick warm clothes. And you need very warm winter boots.

Lim: Yes, indeed.

Lim: What is the coldest month in Mongolia?

Grandmother: January.

Шинэ Уг / Vocabulary

Овол - winter

Оволжих - to spend winter

Дулаан - warm

Хуйтэн - cold

Зузаан - thick

Хамгийн - the most

Солонгос - Korea

Хувцас - clothes

Хэрэгтэй - need